## Climate Change: The Latest Research### Heat Waves in New York CityA study in Urban Climate examines the trend of heat wave gaps - the time between two adjacent heat wave events - in New York City over the last several decades. Results show a decrease in the average heat wave gap from 1961 to 1990 to 1991-2020, indicating that heat waves are occurring more frequently and with shorter intervals.### Glacier Retreat in SvalbardA study in Nature Communications uses deep learning to generate position data for 149 marine-terminating glaciers in Svalbard, providing insights into their behavior. The research reveals widespread glacier retreat over the past 38 years, with significant seasonal cycles in calving front position for over half of the glaciers. Atmospheric and oceanic warming are identified as key factors influencing the retreat.### Sea Level Changes Along the U.S. Mid-Atlantic CoastResearch in Geophysical Research Letters investigates the changes in seasonal sea level cycles along the U.S. Mid-Atlantic Coast from 1960 to 2020. The study reveals a shift in the annual minimum sea level from January to February and an increase in the amplitude of seasonal changes by 65%. Additionally, the maximum sea level in September rose by 82%, potentially exacerbating coastal flooding. Changes in wind stress near the coast could explain these alterations.### Denial and Delay in the Fossil Fuel IndustryA study in PLOS Climate examines the use of compartmentalization by the fossil fuel and related industries to inhibit addressing climate denial. The authors categorize strategies of compartmentalization according to sectoral, narrative, political, behavioral, and structural perspectives, finding that these tactics are interconnected and impede climate action.### Interlocking Impacts of Fossil Energy, Plastics, and Agrichemical IndustriesResearch in PLOS Climate explores the interconnected roles of fossil energy, plastics, and agrichemical industries in obstructing climate policy. The study analyzes social media content from the largest corporations and trade associations in each sector, revealing coordinated messaging and synergistic themes. The authors propose the 'discourses of climate obstruction' framework, highlighting the use of discourses of delay and denial to reinforce existing infrastructure and undermine change.### Climate Myth Debunking for Broadcast MeteorologistsA toolkit from the George Mason University Center for Climate Change Communication provides evidence-based guidance for broadcast meteorologists to address climate change misinformation. The toolkit emphasizes the value of approaching misinformation as a positive educational opportunity rather than a negative, confrontational exercise and offers strategies for effective debunking.### Unprecedented Global Temperatures in 2024The Copernicus Climate Change Service reports that 2024 saw unprecedented global temperatures, exceeding 1.5°C above the pre-industrial level, a threshold set by the Paris Agreement. Multiple global records were broken for greenhouse gas levels, air temperature, and sea surface temperature, contributing to extreme events such as floods, heatwaves, and wildfires.### Climate Change and Extreme LA FiresA study in Sustainable LA Grand Challenge examines the potential link between climate change and the 2023 LA fires. The research suggests that climate change may have contributed to about a quarter of the extreme fuel moisture deficit at the time of the fires. The authors emphasize the need for wildfire mitigation strategies that focus on suppressing human ignitions, home hardening, and development in low wildfire risk zones.### Climate Change Impacts on Human HealthA study in Nature Communications investigates the nonlinear relationship between daytime, nighttime, and day-night compound heatwaves with mortality amid climate change. Results show an increased risk of death during heatwaves for all three scenarios, particularly for the elderly and people with pre-existing conditions. The research highlights the importance of recognizing the varying health impacts of different heatwave types.